§1Transaction Structure
§1.0Regulatory Predicate Transition (RPT)
Advanced Circular Manufacturing is a manufacturing process, not a waste-management activity. Microwave Catalytic Reforming operates in an anoxic, oxygen-free, sub-atmospheric environment — mechanistically incompatible with combustion or biological degradation. ACM does not fit within the waste domain and does not operate under waste-domain statutes. The Regulatory Predicate Transition (RPT) — also framed as the dewaste pathway — is the coordinated regulatory shift from legacy disposal-predicate statutes onto manufacturing-predicate classifications. 100% elemental recycling of the municipal material stream requires this transition. Manufacturing NAICS 325180 · 325998 · 327992 · 331110 · 331314 · 331492 (6-code ACM set) plus EPA RCRA §1004(27) / 40 CFR §261.2(e) exclusion pathway in the US; ISIC Rev.4 20-25 + UN CPC 89 internationally. In many jurisdictions the required authorities already exist in latent form within existing statutes; in others the transition requires primary-authority amendments. The Joint Working Group phase includes a regulatory engagement workstream to shepherd the RPT alongside site permitting. Both parties commit to the RPT pathway. Carbotura brings the process-classification evidence, regulatory engagement expertise from prior ACM deployments, and the legal-technical framework. The counterparty brings the standing to engage the local regulator, the political mandate for the transition, and — where applicable — legacy statutory authorities that can be re-instrumented for manufacturing use. The endpoint is categorical: manufacturing classification across all permitting, licensing, and regulatory contexts. Interim bridging authorities may apply during the transition.
§1.1Commercial Structure
The 30-year CSA is a royalty-producing asset that replaces a waste liability on Anchorage's books.
Beneficiation Fee + Circular Royalty™ — with the Exogenesis™ Royalty bonus available to stack alongside it.
The proposed instrument is a 30-year Circular Supply Agreement (CSA) between Carbotura and the Municipality of Anchorage (anchor counterparty), with optional CSA addenda for Mat-Su and Kenai Peninsula Borough partnership entry under separately negotiated instruments. Under the CSA, the Municipality of Anchorage becomes the manufacturing feedstock supplier to the ACM facility; Carbotura is the manufacturer that material stream transfers to under the CSA. This is a supply arrangement, not a service contract and not a procurement instrument.
Carbotura's commitments under the CSA
- Build, own, operate, and maintain the ACM facility for 30 years
- Fund 100% of capital construction (BOO structure)
- Pay Circular Royalty™ equal to 120% of contemporaneous Beneficiation Fee per ton, with +1pp/year escalator, paid 13 months in arrears on a rolling monthly basis
- Deliver designed environmental performance (carbon-negative net operations; near-zero landfill diversion of committed streams)
- Commit to the Regulatory Predicate Transition (RPT) as a joint pathway — both parties advance manufacturing classification alongside site permitting
Counterparty's commitments under the CSA
- Direct committed feedstock streams to the ACM facility
- Transport feedstock to the ACM facility — under existing collection contracts, rerouted from the current landfill destination (ARL / CTS gates) to Carbotura's site. No new collection infrastructure or fleet obligation; the change is a routing swap
- Pay Beneficiation Fee per ton delivered ($100/ton base, 2.5%/year escalator) — the CSA
- Honor 30-year CSA term subject to standard force majeure and cure provisions
To preserve Phase Initial COD Q2 2028, the Council authorization (CSA execution) is required by Q2 2026 — effectively concurrent with engagement start. Each six-month slip past Q2 2026 moves Phase Initial COD month-for-month and reduces Year-2 Royalty receipts by approximately $9M. At Phase Expanded scale (1,200 TPD / 438,000 TPY), each six-month slip costs approximately $27M of Royalty.
§2Deployment Architecture
§2.1Phase Configuration Table
| Phase | TPD | Modules | TPY | % Inferred Resource | COD Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase Initial | 400 | 4 | 146,000 | 8% | Q2 2028 |
| Stage 2 | 600 | 6 | 219,000 | 12% | Q3 2029 |
| Phase Medium | 800 | 8 | 292,000 | 16% | Q4 2030 |
| Stage 4 | 1,000 | 10 | 365,000 | 20% | Q1 2032 |
| Phase Expanded | 1,200 | 12 | 438,000 | 24% | Q2 2033 |
Module math: ceil(TPD/100). All CODs anchored to T0 = Q2 2026 per Carbotura standard deployment schedule.
§2.2BOO Capital Structure
Zero counterparty capital expenditure. Zero construction debt on County books. Zero operating liability post-COD. Anchorage's sole financial obligation under the CSA is the per-ton Beneficiation Fee. Carbotura funds 100% of project cost through institutional capital under separate SPV structuring. The County's general fund, debt capacity, bonding authority, and credit rating are unaffected.
§2.3Feedstock Stream Coverage by Phase
| Stream | Phase Initial | Phase Medium | Phase Expanded | Access Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| the Municipality of Anchorage MSW (residential + commercial) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Immediate |
| the Municipality of Anchorage C&D residuals | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Immediate |
| the Municipality of Anchorage industrial / commercial special | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Immediate |
| the Municipality of Anchorage WWTP biosolids | optional | ✓ | ✓ | Conditional |
| Chugiak-Eagle River (in-municipality) | partial | ✓ | Conditional | |
| Mat-Su Borough metro extension | ✓ | Partnership pending | ||
| Kenai Peninsula Borough metro extension | ✓ | Partnership pending |
§2.4Site Candidate Analysis
Three priority zones identified within the Municipality of Anchorage and the immediate Glenn Highway corridor. Final site selection deferred to Deployment Study geotechnical, zoning, and environmental review.
The North Anchorage Glenn Highway Industrial Corridor (P1) optimizes three logistic and commercial criteria simultaneously: (a) Glenn Highway frontage for inbound feedstock from any the Municipality of Anchorage or partner-jurisdiction origin; (b) ~10-mile proximity to Anchorage Regional Landfill supporting alternative-disposition negotiations and route convergence; (c) industrial zoning consistent with NAICS manufacturing classification under the Regulatory Predicate Transition (RPT). P2 is favored only if the Municipality of Anchorage base-load feedstock-haul minimization drives selection. P3 is favored only if Phase Expanded with a Mat-Su Borough partnership materializes early.
Complete Site Candidate Matrix
| Priority | Zone | Acreage | Zoning | Land Authority | Co-location Advantage | Key Consideration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1 | North Anchorage Glenn Highway Industrial Corridor | 80–150 ac | I-1 / I-2 Industrial | Municipality of Anchorage + private | Glenn Highway frontage; 10mi from Anchorage Regional Landfill; central feedstock origins | Parcel availability to confirm at Deployment Study |
| P2 | ARL Industrial — adjacent Anchorage Regional Landfill | 40–80 ac | Industrial | Municipality of Anchorage (Solid Waste Services) / private | Adjacent to existing regional disposal; minimal feedstock haul | Smaller acreage; zoning compatibility |
| P3 | Chugiak–Eagle River industrial reserve | 100–200 ac | Mixed use / Industrial | the Municipality of Anchorage / private | Glenn Highway corridor north of ARL; designated industrial reserve | Eagle River PM10 Limited Maintenance Area — 12 months preconstruction ambient monitoring required |
§2.5Finding: Phase Initial Feedstock Sufficiency
Phase Initial 400 TPD is fully supportable from the Municipality of Anchorage feedstock streams currently classified IMMEDIATE. No third-party feedstock partnership, no inter-jurisdictional CSA, and no contract-renegotiation precondition required. Stage 2 through Phase Expanded are independently negotiable additions — each unlocks at the Municipality's pace, with no forced sequencing.
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§3Economic Structure — Beneficiation Fee
FWDC planning basis: ~$92/ton blended — Estimated. Derived from the Municipality’s own two published gate rates: Anchorage Regional Landfill $87.11/ton and Central Transfer Station $101.00/ton. Mat-Su Borough and Kenai Peninsula Borough gate schedules are NOT ESTABLISHED from public sources and are excluded from the Phase Initial basis. Collection and transport are contracted separately (Alaska Waste) and are not included in this $92/ton figure — the true fully-loaded cost is therefore higher, making this basis conservative. Full FWDC confirmation deferred to Deployment Study.
Beneficiation Fee formula: MAX($100, MIN($150, FWDC − $5))
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| FWDC blended planning basis | ~$92 / ton | Estimated · MOA published gates |
| Beneficiation Fee floor | $100 / ton | Carbotura standard parameters |
| Beneficiation Fee ceiling | $150 / ton | Carbotura standard parameters |
| Anchorage Bowl Beneficiation Fee — Year 1 | $100 / ton | Canonical floor · MR §4.1 |
| Annual escalator | 2.5% / year | Carbotura standard |
| Phase | TPY | TMC / ton at Phase Y1 | Annual TMC Obligation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phase Initial (facility Y1) | 146,000 | $100.00 | $14,600,000 |
| Stage 2 (facility Y3) | 219,000 | $105.06 | $23,009,000 |
| Phase Medium (facility Y5) | 292,000 | $110.38 | $32,231,000 |
| Stage 4 (facility Y7) | 365,000 | $115.97 | $42,329,000 |
| Phase Expanded (facility Y9) | 438,000 | $121.84 | $53,366,000 |
ESTIMATED — derived from FWDC planning basis and Carbotura standard parameters. Final TMC schedule confirms at CSA execution following Deployment Study FWDC verification.
§4Circular Royalty™
Royalty(m+13) = TMC(m) × Royalty_Rate(m)
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Base royalty rate (Year 1) | 120% of contemporaneous Beneficiation Fee |
| Annual royalty rate escalator | +1 percentage point per year |
| Beneficiation Fee escalator | 2.5% / year |
| Payment lag | 13 months |
| Payment basis | Rolling monthly |
| CSA term | 30 years from Phase Initial COD |
| Pre-royalty period | Months 1–12 (Year 1) |
"Gross cost displacement and Circular Royalty™ cash flow are quantified separately.
"At steady state, the Circular Royalty™ is designed to exceed the Beneficiation Fee on a per-ton basis."
"Circular Royalty™ payments begin 13 months after corresponding Beneficiation Fee payments and ramp to full run-rate on a rolling basis."
Fiscal Period Distinction
Year 1 is negative because the $100/ton canonical-floor Beneficiation Fee sits above the ~$92/ton avoided gate cost and no Royalty has yet accrued. From Year 2 the Circular Royalty™ inverts the position and its widening spread compounds year over year.
30-Year Fiscal Schedule — Full Detail
| Year | Avoided Disposal / ton | Beneficiation Fee Paid / ton | Royalty Received / ton |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | $92.00 | −$100.00 | $0.00 (lag) |
| 2 | $95.22 | −$102.50 | +$120.00 |
| 3 | $98.55 | −$105.06 | +$124.02 |
| 5 | $105.57 | −$110.38 | +$132.46 |
| 10 | $125.39 | −$124.89 | +$155.96 |
| 20 | $176.87 | −$159.87 | +$215.23 |
| 30 | $249.49 | −$204.64 | +$295.48 |
Royalty figures are amounts received. The royalty is paid 13 months in arrears, so the figure shown for a year is earned on the previous year’s delivered tonnage.
§5Risk Register
| # | Risk | Key Driver | Bearer | Mitigation | Residual |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FWDC verification | ~$92/ton blended ESTIMATED (ARL $87.11 / CTS $101.00 published gates) | Both parties | Deployment Study FWDC audit; TMC floor protects downside | Low |
| 2 | Technology performance | MCR commercial-scale operating performance vs. design | Carbotura (BOO) | Performance guarantees in CSA; conversion efficiency thresholds; reserve account | Low |
| 3 | Timeline slippage | Deployment Study, permitting, financing, construction | Both | Standard 24-month construction window with cure provisions | Medium |
| 4 | Anchorage disposal concentration | SWS is the sole disposal-system operator within the Municipality of Anchorage (ARL, transfer stations, MRF); escalation exposure | County (incumbent contracts) | Staggered phase scaling; CSA hauler-direction provisions | Medium |
| 5 | Competitive procurement | Other waste-conversion operators may approach catchment communities during window | Both | RPT-aligned first-mover position; 30-year exclusivity in CSA | Low |
| 6 | PFAS regulatory | Federal EPA PFAS rules (2026–2027) may step-change stream disposal costs | County (State A exposure); Carbotura (feedstock spec) | ACM designed for PFAS destruction; feedstock spec in CSA | Low |
§6Timeline
| Milestone | Target Date | T0 Offset | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| T0 — Engagement start | Q2 2026 | T0 | ESTIMATED — confirmation pending |
| Council authorization deadline (CSA execution) | Q2 2026 | T0 | Concurrent with engagement start to preserve Phase Initial COD Q2 2028 |
| Deployment Study complete | Q3 2026 | T0 + 3mo | FWDC audit, geotechnical, zoning, permits framework |
| Phase Initial construction start | Q4 2026 | T0 + 6mo | Following financing close |
| Phase Initial COD (400 TPD) | Q2 2028 | T0 + 24mo | Corresponding feedstock delivery; Year 1 TMC begins |
| First Circular Royalty™ payment | Q3 2029 | T0 + 37mo | 13 months after Phase Initial COD; rolling monthly thereafter |
| Stage 2 COD (800 TPD) | Q3 2029 | T0 + 39mo | First scaling step |
| Phase Medium COD (1,200 TPD) | Q4 2030 | T0 + 54mo | 4 modules |
| Stage 4 COD (1,200 TPD) | Q1 2032 | T0 + 69mo | Conditional on Tier 3 partnership |
| Phase Expanded COD (1,200 TPD) | Q2 2033 | T0 + 84mo | Full 20-module deployment; 60mo from Phase Initial COD |
| CSA term end | Q2 2058 | T0 + 30yr | 30-year CSA from Phase Initial COD |
Hard external deadline framing: No regulatory hard deadline applies. Council Authorization Deadline = Phase Initial COD − 24 months = Q2 2026. Slippage past Q4 2026 moves Phase Initial COD into 2029. Deferral cost: each 6-month slip ≈ $9M Year-2 Royalty foregone (Phase Initial scale).
§7Community Value Stack
Municipality fiscal effects (Royalty receipts, cost displacement) and regional economic effects (employment, regional GDP) are distinct categories — never combined into a single benefit line. §7.1 is Municipal treasury effects. §7.2 is regional economic effects.
§7.1Municipal Fiscal Effects
- Beneficiation Fee paid (outflow): Phase Initial Year 1 at $14.60M annual (146,000 TPY × $100/ton); escalates 2.5%/yr and with phase ramp.
- Circular Royalty™ received (inflow): $0 Year 1 (13-month lag); ~$17.52M Year 2 (Phase Initial); ~$54M in the first full Royalty year at Phase Expanded, rising to ~$134M by Year 30.
- Avoided disposal cost (cost displacement, not treasury inflow): ~$13.43M Year 1 → ~$40M+ annual at Phase Expanded (Year-1 cost basis).
- 30-year combined fiscal benefit (full Phase Expanded with Tier 3 partnerships, 3× Phase Initial basis): ESTIMATED ~+$2.7B
- Capital obligation: $0.
§7.2Regional Economic Effects
These flow to the Anchorage Bowl economy — not to the Municipal treasury.
| Phase | Direct FTE | Indirect Jobs (×3) | Annual Regional Economic Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phase Initial · 400 TPD | 100 | 300 | ~$32M |
| Phase Medium · 800 TPD | 200 | 600 | ~$64M |
| Phase Expanded · 1,200 TPD | 300 | 900 | ~$96M |
Plus property tax base addition of $75M–$1.17B (phase-dependent capital improvement) for the host jurisdiction.
§8Why This Works in Anchorage
Volume alignment. the Municipality of Anchorage alone generates ~400 TPD — exactly matching Phase Initial design capacity. The 50-mile catchment plus Tier 3 universe (~5,000 TPD inferred resource) provides the scaling pathway to 1,200 TPD without any single counterparty being load-critical to Phase Expanded.
Infrastructure alignment. Anchorage's Glenn Highway position is the structural logistics anchor for the entire Anchorage Bowl. Priority 1 site (North Anchorage Glenn Highway Corridor) optimizes inbound feedstock haul from any the Municipality of Anchorage or Tier 3 origin and is co-located on the same corridor already concentrating regional waste flow toward the Anchorage Regional Landfill (SWS-owned).
Contract timing alignment. No regulatory hard deadline forces an externally driven schedule. Phase Initial commits no partnership negotiation, allowing the Municipality to authorize on its own calendar. The decision window is structural — driven by regional ACM siting capacity and Solid Waste Services (SWS)' escalation trajectory.
Policy alignment. The Regulatory Predicate Transition (RPT) (§1.0) anchors the engagement to manufacturing classification under NAICS 325180, 325998, 327992, 331110, 331314, 331492. Alaska ADEC has not issued state-level rules incompatible with this classification, and manufacturing classification (NAICS 31–33) is the controlling federal basis.
Regulatory driver. Federal RCRA classification timing creates a window for first-mover communities under the RPT. Solid Waste Services (SWS)' three-of-four-landfill concentration in the catchment creates structural counterparty-risk exposure that intensifies with each annual rate escalation cycle.
Economics specificity. Beneficiation Fee at $100/ton (canonical floor) sits between the Municipality’s two published gate rates — ARL $87.11/ton and CTS $101.00/ton — so the fee is redirected existing spend, not new cost. Calibrated to this community's actual disposal-cost trajectory — not a generic figure.
★Basis of Presentation
This document defines the commercial structure, deployment architecture, fiscal terms, and community value of the proposed 30-year Circular Supply Agreement with the Municipality of Anchorage, Alaska. Each parameter is classified by confidence tier. Final values confirm at the Deployment Study following Council authorization.
| Parameter | Value Applied | Basis | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beneficiation Fee — Year 1 | $100/ton | Canonical floor · MR §4.1 · FWDC−$5 below floor | Locked |
| FWDC blended planning basis | ~$92/ton | Municipality of Anchorage published gate rates (ARL $87.11 / CTS $101.00), blended — modeled | Estimated |
| Phase Initial 400 TPD / 146,000 TPY | COD Q2 2028 | User-confirmed scaling pathway | Locked |
| Phase Expanded 1,200 TPD / 438,000 TPY | COD Q2 2033 · Conditional on Tier 3 partnerships | User-confirmed; partnership conditionality noted | Locked |
| Royalty formula and parameters (Release 31) | Multiplier(n) = 120% + (n−1)pp, applied to the same year’s escalated Beneficiation Fee · 13mo lag · rolling monthly | Carbotura standard parameters — locked | Locked |
| T0 anchor | Q2 2026 | Carbotura standard deployment schedule; confirmation pending | Estimated |
| Employment figures | 100 / 200 / 300 direct FTE (PI 400 TPD / PM 800 TPD / PE 1,200 TPD) | Carbotura standard FTE-per-TPD ratios applied to Anchorage phasing | Estimated |
| Site candidates (P1, P2, P3) | Three Glenn Highway corridor zones; P1 North Anchorage preferred | Geographic and zoning analysis; pre-Term Sheet Study | Provisional |
| Operator verification | Solid Waste Services (SWS) / Mat-Su / Kenai Peninsula Borough ×3, Alaska Waste (collection contractor) ×1 | Google Places + municipal records + Waste Connections public filings, April 2026 | Verified |
Unresolved Data Gaps
- the Municipality of Anchorage stream-specific FWDC — Alaska Waste and Solid Waste Services (SWS) contract terms; resolved at Deployment Study.
- T0 confirmation — Council authorization date.
- Tier 3 partnership entity commitments (Mat-Su / Kenai Peninsula) — inter-jurisdictional coordination 2026–2028.
- Alaska ADEC permit timeline — pre-application engagement at Deployment Study.
Confidence tiers: Locked = user-confirmed or contractually standard Verified = sourced to named public record Estimated = Carbotura-modeled with stated methodology Provisional = pre-Term Sheet-Study placeholder.